RuntimeWarning: Accessing the database during app initialization is discouraged.

Using Django Mystery Errors
1

I get /home/taskitly/taskily/venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py:98: RuntimeWarning: Accessing the database during app initialization is discouraged. To fix this warning, avoid executing queries in AppConfig.ready() or when your app modules are imported. warnings.warn(self.APPS_NOT_READY_WARNING_MSG, category=RuntimeWarning)

whenever I run manage.py makemigrations, migrate and celery.
Here’s my settings.py file


"""
Django settings for taskitly project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 4.2.6.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/
"""
import os
from pathlib import Path
import zoneinfo
from cryptography.fernet import Fernet
from dotenv import load_dotenv

load_dotenv()

key = Fernet.generate_key()

ENCRYPTION_KEY = key


DEBUG = False

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ["taskitly.com", "www.taskitly.com", "api.taskitly.com", "www.api.taskitly.com"]

WSGI_APPLICATION = f'{os.getenv("PROJECT_NAME")}.wsgi.application'


SECRET_KEY = f'{os.getenv("SECRET_KEY")}'
# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent



# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!

#App Definitions

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    #'jazzmin',
    'daphne',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'rest_framework.authtoken',
    'rest_framework',
    'channels',
    'storages',
    'push_notifications',
    'dry_rest_permissions',
    'debug_toolbar',
    'django_filters',
    "corsheaders",
    'django_celery_results',
    'drf_yasg',
    'account',
    'service',
    'chat',
    'wallet',
    'notification',
    
]
# settings.py


def show_toolbar(request):
    return True  # Set this to True to show the toolbar for all requests (in development).

INTERNAL_IPS = [
    # ...
    '127.0.0.1',
]


MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    'debug_toolbar.middleware.DebugToolbarMiddleware',
]


CELERY_BROKER_URL = 'redis://127.0.0.1:6379'
CELERY_ACCEPT_CONTENT = ['application/json']
CELERY_RESULT_SERIALIZER = 'json'
CELERY_TASK_SERIALIZER = 'json'
CELERY_TIMEZONE = 'Africa/Lagos'
CELERY_RESULT_BACKEND = 'django-db'
CORS_ALLOW_ALL_ORIGINS = True
ROOT_URLCONF = 'taskitly.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
                'django.template.context_processors.media',
            ],
        },
    },
]

# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#databases

ASGI_APPLICATION = 'taskitly.asgi.application'

CHANNEL_LAYERS = {
    'default': {
        'BACKEND': 'channels_redis.core.RedisChannelLayer',
        'CONFIG': {
            "hosts": [('127.0.0.1', 6379)],
        },
    },
}


REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer',
    ],
    'DEFAULT_PARSER_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.parsers.JSONParser',
        'rest_framework.parsers.MultiPartParser',
    ],
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.authentication.TokenAuthentication',
        'account.backends.CaseInsensitiveModelBackend',
        'django.contrib.auth.backends.AllowAllUsersModelBackend',
    ],
    'DEFAULT_PAGINATION_CLASS': 'rest_framework.pagination.PageNumberPagination',
    'PAGE_SIZE': 10,
    'EXCEPTION_HANDLER': 'taskitly.custom_exception_handler.custom_exception_handler',
    'MAX_UPLOAD_SIZE': '5242880',  # Maximum upload size globally (5 MB in bytes)

}



AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = (
    'django.contrib.auth.backends.AllowAllUsersModelBackend',
    #'allauth.account.auth_backends.AuthenticationBackend',
    'account.backends.CaseInsensitiveModelBackend'
)



# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/ref/settings/#databases

DB_NAME = "dbName"
DB_USER = "username"
DB_PASSWORD = "password"
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
        'NAME': DB_NAME,
        'USER': DB_USER,
        'PASSWORD': DB_PASSWORD,
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PORT': '5432',
    }
}



# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'account.Account'
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'Africa/Lagos'

USE_I18N = True

USE_TZ = True
	
#DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE = 10485760


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATIC_ROOT = 'var/www/taskitly/static'
#MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
MEDIA_ROOT = '/var/opt/taskitly/media'
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
"""MEDIAFILES_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "media")
]"""




EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend'
EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.gmail.com'
EMAIL_HOST_USER = os.getenv('EMAIL_HOST_USER')
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = os.getenv('EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD')
EMAIL_PORT = 587
EMAIL_USE_TLS = True

BASE_URL = "https://domain.com"
# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#default-auto-field

DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'


FORMATTERS = (
    {
        "verbose": {
            "format": "{levelname} {asctime:s} {threadName} {thread:d} {module} {filename} {lineno:d} {name} {funcName} {process:d} {message}",
            "style": "{",
        },
        "simple": {
            "format": "{levelname} {asctime:s} {module} {filename} {lineno:d} {funcName} {message}",
            "style": "{",
        },
    },
)


HANDLERS = {
    "console_handler": {
        "class": "logging.StreamHandler",
        "formatter": "simple",
    },
    "my_handler": {
        "class": "logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler",
        "filename": f"{BASE_DIR}/logs/taskitly.log",
        "mode": "a",
        "encoding": "utf-8",
        "formatter": "simple",
        "backupCount": 5,
        "maxBytes": 1024 * 1024 * 5,  # 5 MB
    },
    "my_handler_detailed": {
        "class": "logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler",
        "filename": f"{BASE_DIR}/logs/taskitlydetailed.log",
        "mode": "a",
        "formatter": "verbose",
        "backupCount": 5,
        "maxBytes": 1024 * 1024 * 5,  # 5 MB
    },
}

LOGGERS = (
    {
        "django": {
            "handlers": ["console_handler", "my_handler_detailed"],
            "level": "INFO",
            "propagate": False,
        },
        "django.request": {
            "handlers": ["my_handler"],
            "level": "WARNING",
            "propagate": False,
        },
    },
)


LOGGING = {
    "version": 1,
    "disable_existing_loggers": False,
    "formatters": FORMATTERS[0],
    "handlers": HANDLERS,
    "loggers": LOGGERS[0],
}

SWAGGER_SETTINGS = {
    'SECURITY_DEFINITIONS': {
        'Token': {
            'type': 'apiKey',
            'name': 'Authorization',
            'in': 'header'
        },
    },
    'USE_SESSION_AUTH': False
}

PUSH_NOTIFICATIONS_SETTINGS = {
        "FCM_API_KEY": "AAAAe8lY-7E:APAsdvsdhTLyiSTvUnbmat2O24uTQ_w4RLkZL1B1CwfWl26W95SOZLAmGcV20Vd3FXQ-OSJ5HhuJKmE-QAgvn23n_PmztfnJ4mKYFqyKiWA3dOA5RoL-jh9gFRm2K0VfDZXCE6weZIJSXm",
        "GCM_API_KEY": "AAAAe8lY-7E:APAsdvsdHTLyiSTvUnbmat2O24uTQ_w4RLkZL1B1CwfWl26W95SOZLAmGcV20Vd3FXQ-OSJ5HhuJKmE-QAgvn23n_PmztfnJ4mKYFqyKiWA3dOA5RoL-jh9gFRm2K0VfDZXCE6weZIJSXm",
        "APNS_CERTIFICATE": "/home/taskitly/taskily/Authkey_2N8QL4USUS.pem",
        "APNS_TOPIC": "com.example.push_test",
        "APNS_USE_SANDBOX": "api.development.push.apple.com",
        
}

"""JAZZMIN_SETTINGS = {
    # title of the window (Will default to current_admin_site.site_title if absent or None)
    "site_title": "Taskitly",

    # Title on the login screen (19 chars max) (defaults to current_admin_site.site_header if absent or None)
    "site_header": "Taskitly",

    # Title on the brand (19 chars max) (defaults to current_admin_site.site_header if absent or None)
    "site_brand": "Taskitly",

    # Logo to use for your site, must be present in static files, used for brand on top left
    "site_logo": None,

    # Logo to use for your site, must be present in static files, used for login form logo (defaults to site_logo)
    "login_logo": None,

    # Logo to use for login form in dark themes (defaults to login_logo)
    "login_logo_dark": None,

    # CSS classes that are applied to the logo above
    "site_logo_classes": "img-circle",

    # Relative path to a favicon for your site, will default to site_logo if absent (ideally 32x32 px)
    "site_icon": None,

    # Welcome text on the login screen
    "welcome_sign": "Welcome back to Taskitly admin",

    # Copyright on the footer
    "copyright": "Taskitly",

    # List of model admins to search from the search bar, search bar omitted if excluded
    # If you want to use a single search field you dont need to use a list, you can use a simple string 
    "search_model": ["auth.User", "auth.Group"],

    # Field name on user model that contains avatar ImageField/URLField/Charfield or a callable that receives the user
    "user_avatar": None,

    ############
    # Top Menu #
    ############

    # Links to put along the top menu
    "topmenu_links": [

        # Url that gets reversed (Permissions can be added)
        {"name": "Home",  "url": "admin:index", "permissions": ["auth.view_user"]},

        # external url that opens in a new window (Permissions can be added)
        # {"name": "Support", "url": "https://github.com/farridav/django-jazzmin/issues", "new_window": True},

        # model admin to link to (Permissions checked against model)
        # {"model": "auth.User"},

        # App with dropdown menu to all its models pages (Permissions checked against models)
        # {"app": "books"},
    ],

    #############
    # User Menu #
    #############

    # Additional links to include in the user menu on the top right ("app" url type is not allowed)
    # "usermenu_links": [
    #     {"name": "Support", "url": "https://github.com/farridav/django-jazzmin/issues", "new_window": True},
    #     {"model": "auth.user"}
    # ],

    #############
    # Side Menu #
    #############

    # Whether to display the side menu
    "show_sidebar": True,

    # Whether to aut expand the menu
    "navigation_expanded": True,

    # Hide these apps when generating side menu e.g (auth)
    "hide_apps": [],

    # Hide these models when generating side menu (e.g auth.user)
    "hide_models": [],

    # List of apps (and/or models) to base side menu ordering off of (does not need to contain all apps/models)
    "order_with_respect_to": ["auth", "books", "books.author", "books.book"],

    # Custom links to append to app groups, keyed on app name
    # "custom_links": {
    #     "books": [{
    #         "name": "Make Messages", 
    #         "url": "make_messages", 
    #         "icon": "fas fa-comments",
    #         "permissions": ["books.view_book"]
    #     }]
    # },

    # Custom icons for side menu apps/models See https://fontawesome.com/icons?d=gallery&m=free&v=5.0.0,5.0.1,5.0.10,5.0.11,5.0.12,5.0.13,5.0.2,5.0.3,5.0.4,5.0.5,5.0.6,5.0.7,5.0.8,5.0.9,5.1.0,5.1.1,5.2.0,5.3.0,5.3.1,5.4.0,5.4.1,5.4.2,5.13.0,5.12.0,5.11.2,5.11.1,5.10.0,5.9.0,5.8.2,5.8.1,5.7.2,5.7.1,5.7.0,5.6.3,5.5.0,5.4.2
    # for the full list of 5.13.0 free icon classes
    "icons": {
        "auth": "fas fa-users-cog",
        "auth.user": "fas fa-user",
        "auth.Group": "fas fa-users",
    },
    # Icons that are used when one is not manually specified
    "default_icon_parents": "fas fa-chevron-circle-right",
    "default_icon_children": "fas fa-circle",

    #################
    # Related Modal #
    #################
    # Use modals instead of popups
    "related_modal_active": True,

    #############
    # UI Tweaks #
    #############
    # Relative paths to custom CSS/JS scripts (must be present in static files)
    "custom_css": None,
    "custom_js": None,
    # Whether to link font from fonts.googleapis.com (use custom_css to supply font otherwise)
    "use_google_fonts_cdn": True,
    # Whether to show the UI customizer on the sidebar
    "show_ui_builder": False,

    ###############
    # Change view #
    ###############
    # Render out the change view as a single form, or in tabs, current options are
    # - single
    # - horizontal_tabs (default)
    # - vertical_tabs
    # - collapsible
    # - carousel
    "changeform_format": "horizontal_tabs",
    # override change forms on a per modeladmin basis
    "changeform_format_overrides": {"auth.user": "collapsible", "auth.group": "vertical_tabs"},
    # Add a language dropdown into the admin
    "language_chooser": False,
}
JAZZMIN_UI_TWEAKS = {
    "navbar_small_text": False,
    "footer_small_text": False,
    "body_small_text": False,
    "brand_small_text": False,
    "brand_colour": False,
    "accent": "accent-success",
    "navbar": "navbar-success navbar-dark",
    "no_navbar_border": False,
    "navbar_fixed": False,
    "layout_boxed": False,
    "footer_fixed": False,
    "sidebar_fixed": False,
    "sidebar": "sidebar-light-success",
    "sidebar_nav_small_text": False,
    "sidebar_disable_expand": False,
    "sidebar_nav_child_indent": False,
    "sidebar_nav_compact_style": False,
    "sidebar_nav_legacy_style": False,
    "sidebar_nav_flat_style": False,
    "theme": "default",
    "dark_mode_theme": None,
    "button_classes": {
        "primary": "btn-success",
        "secondary": "btn-secondary",
        "info": "btn-info",
        "warning": "btn-warning",
        "danger": "btn-danger",
        "success": "btn-success"
    }
}
"""
2

This is telling you where you should be looking. You should be looking in your apps.py files in your project.

3

Here’s is how all my apps.py looks in all my installed apps

from django.apps import AppConfig


class WalletConfig(AppConfig):
    default_auto_field = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
    name = 'wallet'
4

Then you need to check all your code in all your apps for any queries being executed at the module level. (Not within a function or class method.)

1 Like
5

Thank you.
Found the query and fixed it

6

Could you please share more details about where you found it? I mean, each app is different, I just want to have an idea on how that particular could was triggering that warning, to get a sense of where I can also take a look at. Thanks!

7

Any database operation being performed in any AppConfig can cause this.

But in general, performing any DB operation outside the context of a function is likely to cause some type of error.

8

i have face same issue several time actually when i use django 4.2 and use same project on new device or virtual environment with new version of django like 5.0.4 but i fixed it by just install the version of django that i use to make that project pip install django==4.2 and everything run okay

9

Using a custom form in default admin panel that includes a select widget cause this issue.

class CreateProductoForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Producto
        fields = ['nombre', 'categoria', 'ingredientes', 'precio']
    nombre = forms.CharField(max_length=100)
    categoria = forms.Select(choices=Categoria.objects.all()) # This cause the warning.
    ingredientes = forms.ModelMultipleChoiceField(
        required=False,
        queryset=MateriaPrima.objects.all(), # And this too.
        widget=forms.CheckboxSelectMultiple
    )
    precio = forms.FloatField()
10

I’m getting something like this. Did you ever come up with a solution on how to fix it?

11

I found the orm query that was outside an app function.

12

It doesn’t appear that anyone answered @gagelarsen’s question. For a ChoiceField you can use lazy() to defer the database query.

from django.utils.functional import lazy

def get_taxcats():
    """Defer lookup of valid values for tax categories."""
    values = [(c.name, c.name) for c in Taxcat.objects.all()]
    return tuple(sorted(values))

class ExpenseForm(ModelForm):
    tax_category = forms.ChoiceField(choices=lazy(get_taxcats, tuple)())
    ....

For a ModelChoiceField you can override the form class constructor to defer the database query until object instantiation, using a placeholder for the field’s constructor.

class PaymentForm(ModelForm):
    invoice = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=Invoice.objects.none())
    ....
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        queryset = Invoice.objects.all().order_by("-submitted")
        self.fields["invoice"].queryset = queryset
    ....